中国组织工程研究 ›› 2013, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (18): 3275-3282.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.18.007

• 肝移植 liver transplantation • 上一篇    下一篇

肝移植后的并发症

余忠山1,江  艺2,蔡秋程2,杨  芳2,吕立志2   

  1. 1福建医科大学福总临床医学院,福建省福州市  350004
    2全军器官移植中心,解放军南京军区福州总医院肝胆病中心,福建省福州市  350025
  • 收稿日期:2012-11-15 修回日期:2013-01-21 出版日期:2013-04-30 发布日期:2013-04-30
  • 通讯作者: 江艺,教授,博士生导师,解放军南京军区福州总医院肝胆外科,福建省福州市 350025 jiangyi183@yahoo.com.cn
  • 作者简介:余忠山★,男,1986年生,安徽省合肥市人,汉族,福建医科大学在读硕士,主要从事器官移植方面的研究。 446951942@qq.com
  • 基金资助:

    福建省自然基金重点项目(2011Y0046),课题名称:肝移植术后感染状态下细胞免疫功能的实验及临床研究;军区医学科技创新重点课题(11Z033),课题名称:拯救性肝移植的临床和基础研究。

Complications after liver transplantation

Yu Zhong-shan1, Jiang Yi2, Cai Qiu-cheng2, Yang Fang2, Lü Li-zhi2   

  1. 1 School of Clinical Medicine, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou  350004, Fujian Province, China
    2 Organ Transplant Center, Hepatology Center, Fuzhou General Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou  350025, Fujian Province, China
  • Received:2012-11-15 Revised:2013-01-21 Online:2013-04-30 Published:2013-04-30
  • Contact: Jiang Yi, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Organ Transplant Center, Hepatology Center, Fuzhou General Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, Fujian Province, China jiangyi183@yahoo.com.cn
  • About author:Yu Zhong-shan★, Studying for master’s degree, School of Clinical Medicine, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, Fujian Province, China 446951942@qq.com
  • Supported by:

    Key Project of Fujian Natural Science Foundation, No. 2011Y00468; Key Military Medical Scientific and Technological Innovation Project, No. 11Z033

摘要:

背景:原位肝移植因其移植过程复杂,易产生各种并发症,制约着肝移植手术的成功率。
目的:分析肝移植后并发症发生的常见原因及预防处理措施。
方法:回顾性分析176例肝移植患者中出现并发症的59例患者的临床资料,男53例,女6例,年龄25-74岁,平均(46.41±12.02)岁。原发病中乙型肝炎后肝硬化10例(合并肾衰1例),肝硬化合并肝细胞性癌7例,胆汁性肝硬化4例,酒精性肝硬化1例,肝细胞性癌13例,胆管细胞癌1例,肝豆状核变性3例,肝功能衰竭13例,重型乙型病毒性肝炎7例(合并肾衰1例)。所有病例供、受者均符合血型相符原则。
结果与结论:肝移植后发生并发症102例次,其中腹腔内出血15例,上消化道出血5例,肺部感染21例,腹腔感染5例,胆道并发症21例,慢性排斥3例,急性排斥10例,急性肾功能衰竭7例,乙肝复发3例,神经精神并发症6例,移植肝无功能4例,下腔静脉血栓形成、移植物抗宿主反应各1例。围手术期死亡24人,直接死亡原因腹腔出血6例,肺部感染6例,移植肝无功能4例,多器官功能衰竭3例,腹腔感染、移植物抗宿主、心脏骤停、胆管坏死、蛛网膜下腔出血各1例。提示重视肝移植患者围移植期的处理,改善肝功能、纠正凝血障碍、改善营养、控制感染,重视移植技术的完善和并发症的及时诊断处理,是提高肝移植成功率的关键。

关键词: 器官移植, 肝移植, 围手术期, 并发症, Child-Pugh分级, 血清胆红素, 血清白蛋白, 凝血酶原时间, 肝性脑病, 省级基金

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The complicated operation process and easy production of complications of orthotropic liver transplantation limit the successful rate of liver transplantation.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the common reasons and prevention and treatment of complications after liver transplantation.
METHODS: Clinical data of 59 cases (53 males and six females) with complications in 176 liver transplantation patients were analyzed retrospectively, the age of the 59 patients were 25-74 years, averaged in (46.41±12.02) years. Ten cases had the parimary disease of hepatitis B cirrhosis (hepatitis B merger renal failure in one case), seven cases had cirrhosis complicated hepatocellular carcinoma, four cases had biliary cirrhosis, one case had alcoholic cirrhosis, 13 patient had hepatocellular carcinoma, one case had cholangiocarcinoma, three cases had hepatolenticular degeneration, 13 patients had liver failure and 47 patients had severe hepatitis B (severe hepatitis B combined with renal failure in one case). All the donors and recipients were in line with the principle of blood type matching.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:
A total of 102 cases of complications occurred, including abdominal cavity bleeding (15 cases), upper gastrointestinal bleeding (five cases), pulmonary infection (21 cases), abdominaI infection (five cases), biliary complications (21 cases), chronic rejection (three cases), acute rejection (ten cases), acute renal insufficiency (seven cases), hepatitis B virus recurrence (three cases), neuropsychopathic complications (six cases), primary nonfunction (four cases), inferior vena cava thrombosis (one case), graft-versus-host reaction (one case). A total of 24 patients died during perioperative period, abdominal cavity bleeding (six cases), pulmonary infection (six cases), primary nonfunction (four cases), multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (three cases), abdominaI infection (one case), graft-versus-host reaction (one case), crdiac arrest (one case), biliary necrosis (one case), subarachnoid hemorrhage (one case). Emphasis on perioperative period management of liver transplantation patients, to improve the liver function, to correct the coagulation, to improve the nutrition and the infection control, as well as the improvement of surgical techniques and timely diagnosis and treatment of the complications are the keys to improve the success rate of liver transplantation.

Key words: organ transplantation, liver transplantation, perioperative period, complication, Child-Pugh classification, serum bilirubin, serum albumin, prothrombin time, hepatic encephalopathy, provincial grants-supported paper

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